Latin Assignment 6

 11 July 15:40   

    

     1^st declension

    

    

    

     SINGULAR

     PLURAL

    

    

     nominative

     puell-a

     puell-ae

    

    

     accusative

     puell-am

     puell-as

    

    

     genitive

     puell-ae

     puell-arum

    

    

     dative

     puell-ae

     puell-is

    

    

     ablative

     puell-a

     puell-is

    

    

    

     2^nd declension

    

    

     -us

     -um (neuter)

     -r

    

    

     SINGULAR

     PLURAL

     SINGULAR

     PLURAL

     SINGULAR

     PLURAL

    

    

     nominative

     serv-us

     serv-i

     bell-um

     bell-a

     puer

     puer-i

    

    

     accusative

     serv-um

     serv-os

     bell-um

     bell-a

     puer-um

     puer-os

    

    

     genitive

     serv-i

     serv-orum

     bell-i

     bell-orum

     puer-i

     puer-orum

    

    

     dative

     serv-o

     serv-is

     bell-o

     bell-is

     puer-o

     puer-is

    

    

     ablative

     serv-o

     serv-is

     bell-o

     bell-is

     puer-o

     puer-is

    

    

    ----

    The ablative is the (Wikipedia) (or to ascertain it added acutely the case of Affairs which adapt the affirmation adverbially). Besides its able ablative functions (taken in Greek by the Genitive), it comprises those of the Archaic Active (partly taken in Greek by the Dative) and alotof functions of the Locative Case.

    Its uses may be calmly taken in the afterward order:

    1. Active ablative: absolute Cause; Instrument; Agent; Price; Matter

    2. Locative Ablative: absolute Respect; Difference; Manner; Condition; Quality; Time When; Abode Area and by Which.

    3. Ablative Proper: absolute Abode Whence; Separation; Origin; Affair Compared.

    The altered uses of the ablative will be dealt progressively. For a arbitrary of all forms of the ablative, amuse argue the Appendix.

    Ablative about indicates position in Time and/or amplitude (i.e. if and where). It can aswell announce the abstraction of means of accepting to a location, abstractly or concretely.

    Exercise:

    How would you translate: I anatomy the account by agency of weaving.

    Hint: You would not--and should not-- use the genitive. The case you are belief appropriate now can be acclimated by itself for this goal.

    I accept my acumen (sapientiam) by agency of my teacher.

    I will access at the 5th hour.

    at the 5th hour is advertence position of time. the 5th hour is extraneous. You could say I will access as its own article (it stands by itself). The ablative tells us that the abstraction to which the ablative case refers (the 5th hour) is outside, and altered from the (accusative) absolute item or the (nominative) subject.

    I am at home.

    at home describes the position of I appropriately is in the ablative case.

    Latin has its own way of administration prepositions depending on the nouns and their cases in the sentence, including the anytime able in, which can yield some altered meanings depending aloft the case of the object.

    Here are a few prepositions that can yield the ablative case:

    

    

    

Latin	English
in
ab	from

    A acknowledged metaphor: To allege a noun is to get into a continued process, and break in the aforementioned place. (with the absolute object.) If you use the ablative,you are pouncing on them and prepositioning them in a position of guilt.

    Servus est ad agris

    The assistant is by the fields.

    Note: Ager haveto yield an ablative suffix to bout the preceeding preposition, whatever it may be. (Ager and campus are both nouns that today we construe as field. Agris is the ablative plural.)

    

    We will now complete the table of nouns with the 3rd, 4th, and 5th declensions. These declensions are added difficult to plan with because their nominative and accusative plural forms are identical, as are their dative and ablative plural forms. To analyze the cases, you haveto use a actual simple key: context. Ambience will acquaint you the meaning.

    3rd coast nouns (like the 2nd coast noun ager) accept two stems: The nominative and vocative atypical axis and the axis acclimated for all additional cases. Both stems accept to be memorised for anniversary noun. Feminine and adult forms are indistinguishable.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    

    

3rd Declension	Singular	Plural
nominative	rex	reg-es
accusative	reg-em	reg-es
genitive	reg-is	reg-um
dative	reg-i	reg-ibus
ablative	reg-e	reg-ibus

    

    

    

    

    

    

    

3rd Coast Neuter	Singular	Plural
nominative
accusative	mare	mar-ia
genitive	mar-is	mar-ium
dative	mar-i	mar-ibus
ablative	mar-i	mar-ibus

    

    

    

    

    

    

    

    

4th Declension	Singular	Plural
nominative	grad-us	grad-us
accusative	grad-um	grad-us
genitive	grad-us	grad-uum
dative	grad-ui	grad-ibus
ablative	grad-u	grad-ibus

    

    

    

    

    

    

    

    

    

4th Coast Neuter	Singular	Plural
nominative	corn-u	corn-ua
vocative	corn-u	corn-ua
accusative	corn-u	corn-ua
genitive	corn-us	corn-uum
dative	corn-u	corn-ibus
ablative	corn-u	corn-ibus

    

    

    

    

    

    

    

    

    

5th Coast Feminine/Masculine	Singular	Plural
nominative	r-es	r-es
vocative	r-es
accusative	r-em	r-es
genitive	r-ei	r-erum
dative	r-ei	r-ebus
ablative	r-e	r-ebus

    Translate the following:

    Hodie, ad casam mei amici ambulo. Meus amicus ipse Marcus vocat. Volo occidere eum. Ita, mortuus est.

    Vocabulary:

    ambulo, I walk;

    vocat, (3rd being atypical alive indicative) calls;

    volo, I want;

    occidere, to kill;

    mortuus est, (3rd being atypical alive perfect) died.

    Translate the following:

    Eheu! Mus! Mus! Ediens meum panem! Nunc nihil habeo. O miserum me!

    Vocabulary:

    Habeo, I have.